VSD vs VFD — Are They the Same Thing?

VFD vs VSD Featured Image
VFD vs VSD Featured Image

If you have spent any time around industrial motors, HVAC systems, or automation equipment, you have probably come across both terms, VSD and VFD. They are often used interchangeably, sometimes in the same conversation, and occasionally in the same datasheet. So which one is correct? Are they actually the same device? And does the difference matter when you are buying, specifying, or maintaining motor control equipment?

This article answers all of that clearly.

What Does VFD Stand For?

VFD stands for Variable Frequency Drive. It is an electronic device that controls the speed of an AC motor by changing the frequency and voltage of the electrical supply. By varying the output frequency, the drive directly controls motor speed, since AC motor speed is directly proportional to supply frequency. A VFD running a motor at 40 Hz instead of 50 Hz will reduce motor speed to 80 percent of its rated speed.

What Does VSD Stand For?

VSD stands for Variable Speed Drive. It is a broader term that refers to any system or device that can vary the speed of a motor or mechanical drive, not just electronic drives.

Historically, variable speed control was achieved through several different technologies:

  • Hydraulic couplings: variable speed through fluid coupling between motor and load
  • Mechanical variable speed drives: belt and pulley systems with adjustable ratios
  • DC drives: electronic drives for DC motors, controlling speed by varying armature voltage
  • AC variable frequency drives: electronic drives controlling AC motor speed through frequency variation

All of these are technically VSDs because they all vary motor speed. A VFD is specifically the AC electronic version, one type of VSD.

VSD vs VFD — What is the Actual Difference?

VSD vs VFD Difference

Here is the clearest way to understand the VSD vs VFD relationship:

All VFDs are VSDs. Not all VSDs are VFDs.

A VFD is a specific type of VSD that works by varying electrical frequency to control AC motor speed. A VSD is the broader category that includes any technology, electronic or mechanical used to vary motor speed.

Why Are VSD and VFD Used Interchangeably?

In modern industrial practice, particularly in India, the UK, and Australia, VSD and VFD are used to mean the same thing. The reason is simple: hydraulic and mechanical variable speed systems have largely disappeared from new installations. DC drives are rare in new projects. In 2024, when someone says variable speed drive in an industrial context, they almost certainly mean an AC electronic drive, which is a VFD.

This is why manufacturers like Danfoss, ABB, and Siemens use both terms depending on the market. Danfoss uses VFD in their product literature. Some ABB product lines use VSD. The devices are identical in principle, only the terminology differs by region and by manufacturer preference.

In the VSD vs VFD drive debate, there is no winner because there is no real argument. Both terms describe the same modern device in most practical contexts.

VSD vs VFD Motor — Does the Motor Difference Matter?

One area where the distinction still matters is motor compatibility. A VFD is designed for AC induction motors only connecting a DC motor to a VFD will damage it. A DC drive, a different type of VSD which is used for DC motors. In 95 percent of HVAC, pump, fan, and industrial applications in India, the motor is a standard AC induction motor and the correct choice is a VFD.

VSD vs VFD Difference — Regional Usage

The difference between VFD and VSD is largely a regional and industry preference issue:

India: Both terms are used. VFD is the more common term in technical specifications. VSD appears frequently in imported documentation from European manufacturers.

United Kingdom and Australia: VSD is the preferred term. Engineers from these markets commonly refer to AC drives as VSDs.

United States: VFD is the dominant term. American engineers and manufacturers almost universally use VFD.

Europe: The term inverter is common, particularly in German and Scandinavian markets. Danfoss, being a Danish company, uses frequency converter and VFD in their English documentation.

If you receive a project specification from a UK consultant that calls for VSDs and your supplier quotes VFDs, they are quoting the correct product. There is no need to clarify unless the specification adds technical details that suggest something other than a standard AC electronic drive.

What About VFD vs VSD Drive in Practical Applications?

Practical Applications of VFD vs VSD

When you are selecting a drive for a real application; pump, fan, compressor, conveyor, or HVAC system, the VSD vs VFD terminology question is irrelevant. What matters is:

Application type
Is the load variable torque (pump or fan) or constant torque (conveyor or compressor)? Variable torque loads use less energy at reduced speed and benefit most from drive control. Constant torque loads need a drive rated for full torque across the speed range.

Motor rating
The drive must be selected to match the motor’s kW rating, voltage, and full load current. Undersizing a drive causes nuisance tripping. Oversizing wastes money.

Environment
Indoor, outdoor, dusty, corrosive, explosive, the drive enclosure rating (IP rating) must suit the installation environment.

Communication
Does the drive need to connect to a BMS, SCADA, or PLC? Confirm the communication protocol; Modbus, BACnet, Profibus, or Ethernet.

Adhunik Automation supplies Danfoss VLT and VACON drives for all these applications across Delhi NCR, Ghaziabad, Noida, Faridabad, and Gurugram. Our team helps you select the right drive based on your motor specification and application requirements, not just the nameplate label.

Is There Any Situation Where VSD and VFD Mean Different Things?

Yes, in very specific technical contexts:

Soft starters are sometimes classified as VSDs because they vary motor voltage during starting. But they are not VFDs, they do not control frequency and cannot vary speed during normal operation. If you need continuous speed control and energy saving during running, a soft starter is not sufficient, you need a VFD. Our soft starter vs VFD comparison covers this in detail.

DC drives are VSDs but not VFDs, for the reasons explained earlier.

Variable speed pumps and fans with mechanical speed changers are technically VSDs but are rarely used in modern industrial installations.

In all other contexts; AC electronic drives for industrial motor control, VSD and VFD mean the same device.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is a VSD the same as a VFD?


In modern industrial practice, yes. Both terms refer to an AC electronic drive that controls motor speed by varying the frequency of the electrical supply. VFD is the technically precise term. VSD is the broader category that includes all speed control technologies, but in everyday use, both words describe the same device.

What is the full form of VSD and VFD?


VSD stands for Variable Speed Drive. VFD stands for Variable Frequency Drive. A VFD is one type of VSD — specifically, the AC electronic version that controls motor speed through frequency variation.

What is the difference between a VFD and a soft starter?


A soft starter controls motor voltage only during starting and stopping, it does not vary speed during normal operation. A VFD controls motor speed continuously throughout operation by varying frequency. A VFD can also perform soft starting as a built-in function.

Can a VSD control a DC motor?


A VFD cannot control a DC motor, VFDs are designed for AC induction motors. A DC drive, which is a different type of VSD is used to control DC motors by varying armature voltage. In modern industrial applications, AC induction motors with VFDs have largely replaced DC motor and drive systems.

Final Thoughts

The VSD vs VFD debate is largely a matter of terminology rather than technology. Both terms describe the same AC electronic drive in the vast majority of modern applications. VFD is the technically correct term for AC drives. VSD is the broader category. Regional preference determines which term is used, but for practical purposes both terms point to the same product.

If you are looking for a drive for your pump, fan, compressor, or HVAC system across Delhi NCR, our team at Adhunik Automation can help you select the right Danfoss VFD for your application. Contact us for a free technical consultation and quote within 24 hours.

Call: +91 93100 85027
Email: kaushik@adhunikautomation.com

Soft Starter vs VFD: Which One is Right for Your Motor Application?

Soft Starter vs VFD
Soft Starter vs VFD

When you are setting up motor control for a pump, fan, compressor, or conveyor, one of the first decisions you face is whether to go with a soft starter or a Variable Frequency Drive. Both control how a motor starts, but they work very differently and suit different applications.

This article breaks down the soft starter vs VFD comparison in plain terms, what each one does, where each one works best, and how to decide which is the right choice for your specific situation.

What is a Soft Starter?

A soft starter is an electronic device that controls the voltage supplied to a motor during startup. Instead of applying full voltage all at once, which causes a high inrush current and mechanical jerk, the soft starter gradually ramps up the voltage until the motor reaches full speed.

Once the motor is running at full speed, the soft starter is bypassed and the motor runs directly on the mains supply. The soft starter is only active during the start and stop phases.

What a soft starter does:

  • Reduces starting current, typically from 6 to 8 times full load current down to 2 to 4 times
  • Reduces mechanical stress on the motor, shaft, and connected equipment during startup
  • Allows a controlled ramp-down stop, useful for pumps to prevent water hammer
  • Protects the motor from voltage fluctuations during starting

What a soft starter does not do:

  • It does not control motor speed during normal operation
  • It does not save energy during running: once bypassed, the motor runs at full speed
  • It cannot adjust speed based on load demand

What is a VFD?

A Variable Frequency Drive controls both the voltage and frequency supplied to the motor, which directly controls motor speed throughout its entire operation, not just at startup.

A VFD converts incoming AC power to DC and then back to AC at a controlled frequency. By adjusting the output frequency, it adjusts motor speed precisely, from near zero to full speed and anywhere in between.

What a VFD does:

  • Controls motor speed continuously, not just at start and stop
  • Reduces energy consumption significantly when running at partial speed, a motor at 80 percent speed uses roughly 50 percent less energy
  • Provides soft starting as a built-in function, no separate soft starter needed
  • Enables precise process control, constant pressure, constant flow, constant temperature
  • Reduces motor and mechanical wear by eliminating full voltage starting
  • Supports communication with BMS, SCADA, and PLC systems via Modbus, BACnet, and other protocols

Soft Starter vs VFD : Key Differences

ParameterSoft StarterVFD
Speed controlNo, only at start and stopYes; full range, continuous
Energy savingMinimal, only at startupSignificant, throughout operation
Starting current reductionYesYes, built in
Process controlNoYes
BMS and PLC integrationLimitedFull, Modbus, BACnet, Profibus
CostLower upfront costHigher upfront cost
Best applicationFixed speed loadsVariable speed loads
MaintenanceSimplerSlightly more complex
Motor protectionBasicAdvanced: overload, phase loss, overvoltage, harmonics
SFD VS VFD tabular format

When to Use a Soft Starter

A soft starter makes sense when:

The load runs at fixed speed
If your application does not need speed variation, a conveyor running at one constant speed, a compressor that is either on or off, or a pump that operates at a fixed duty point, a soft starter handles the starting requirements at a lower cost.

Starting current is the main concern
If your facility has a limited power supply or a generator that struggles with high inrush current during motor starting, a soft starter limits that inrush without the added complexity of a full drive.

Budget is a primary constraint
A soft starter costs significantly less than a VFD of the same rating. If the application genuinely does not require speed control or energy savings during running, a soft starter is a practical and economical choice.

Typical applications:

  • Conveyor belts running at constant speed
  • Air compressors; fixed speed scroll or reciprocating types
  • Large pumps where starting current needs to be limited but speed does not vary
  • Fans with fixed airflow requirements

When to Use a VFD

A VFD vs soft starter comparison almost always favours the VFD when:

The load has variable demand
Pumps, fans, and compressors in HVAC systems rarely run at full load all the time. A chilled water pump serving a building runs at 60 to 70 percent of full load for most of the year. A VFD adjusts pump speed to match actual demand, saving 40 to 50 percent on electricity costs over a fixed speed pump with a soft starter.

Energy saving is a priority
The cubic law of fan and pump affinity laws means that reducing speed by even 20 percent cuts power consumption by nearly 50 percent. A soft starter cannot achieve this because once the motor is running, it has no control over speed. A VFD does, and this is why energy audits almost always recommend VFD installation as the highest-priority energy saving measure.

Process control is needed
If you need constant pressure in a water system, constant airflow in a ventilation system, or constant temperature in a process, a VFD with a PID controller achieves this automatically. A soft starter cannot.

BMS or automation integration is required
Modern building management systems and industrial automation platforms communicate with drives over Modbus, BACnet, or Profibus. VFDs support this natively. Soft starters have very limited communication capability.

Typical applications:

  • HVAC chilled water pumps and condenser water pumps
  • Air handling unit fans and cooling tower fans
  • Water treatment plant pumps
  • Compressors with variable load profiles
  • Any application where an energy audit has identified speed control as a saving opportunity

VFD vs Soft Starter — Energy Savings Comparison

VFD Deliver Significant Energy Savings

This is the most important factor for most industrial facilities in India.

A soft starter saves energy only during the brief starting period, typically 5 to 30 seconds. After that, the motor runs at full speed regardless of the actual load on the system.

A VFD vs soft starter energy comparison over a full year looks like this for a typical 22 kW pump running 16 hours a day:

Soft StarterVFD
Average motor speed100%75%
Power consumption22 kW~9.3 kW (cube law)
Annual energy (16 hrs, 300 days)1,05,600 kWh44,640 kWh
Annual saving at Rs. 8/unitRs. 4,87,680

The VFD pays for itself in 12 to 18 months in most applications. A soft starter would not produce anywhere near this saving.

This is why Adhunik Automation recommends a proper energy audit before specifying any motor control solution, the audit data tells you exactly which motors are running at partial load and what the payback period on a VFD installation will be.

Can a VFD Replace a Soft Starter Completely?

Yes, in almost every application. A VFD includes soft starting as a built-in function. You can set the ramp-up time, current limit, and starting torque directly in the drive parameters. There is no scenario where a soft starter can do something a VFD cannot.

The only reason to choose a soft starter over a VFD is cost. If speed control and energy saving during running are not needed and the budget is tight, a soft starter is a practical choice. But if there is any possibility of variable load or future energy saving requirements, a VFD is the better long-term investment.

VSD vs VFD — Are They the Same Thing?

A common point of confusion. VSD stands for Variable Speed Drive. VFD stands for Variable Frequency Drive. In most industrial applications in India, these terms refer to the same device, an electronic drive that controls motor speed by varying frequency and voltage.

The VFD and VSD difference is mainly terminology. Some manufacturers use VSD as a broader term that includes hydraulic and mechanical variable speed systems, but in the context of modern industrial motor control, VSD and VFD mean the same thing.

Soft Starter vs VFD — Which One Does Adhunik Recommend?

For most HVAC, water treatment, and industrial applications, VFD is the right choice. The energy savings alone justify the higher upfront cost in most cases, and the additional process control capability makes the installation more flexible and future-proof.

Adhunik Automation is an authorized Danfoss dealer supplying the complete range of Danfoss VLT and VACON drives across Delhi NCR, Ghaziabad, Noida, Faridabad, and Gurugram. We also supply Danfoss MCD soft starters for applications where a soft starter is genuinely the right fit.

If you are not sure which is right for your application, our team can review your motor specifications, duty cycle, and load profile, and give you a clear recommendation with estimated payback period before you make a decision.

Call: +91 93100 85027
Email: kaushik@adhunikautomation.com

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the main difference between a soft starter and a VFD?

A soft starter controls motor voltage only during starting and stopping. A VFD controls motor speed throughout the entire operation by varying both voltage and frequency. A VFD can do everything a soft starter does, plus continuous speed control and energy saving during running.

Does a VFD save more energy than a soft starter?

Yes, significantly. A soft starter saves energy only during the brief starting period. A VFD saves energy continuously by matching motor speed to actual load demand. For pumps and fans running at partial load, VFD energy savings of 30 to 50 percent are common.

Can I replace my soft starter with a VFD?

Yes. A VFD includes soft start functionality as a standard feature. You can set ramp-up time and current limit in the drive parameters. Replacing a soft starter with a VFD adds speed control and energy saving capability at a higher upfront cost.

When should I use a soft starter instead of a VFD?


Use a soft starter for fixed-speed loads where speed control isn’t needed and reducing starting current is the main priority.

What Is a VFD? Working, Applications, and Benefits Explained

vfd-smart-control-better-performance
vfd-smart-control-better-performance

What Is a VFD? Working, Applications, and Benefits Explained is a question that comes up often when facility managers and plant engineers start looking at ways to reduce energy costs without compromising process reliability. A Variable Frequency Drive is not just another electrical component, it is a control strategy that directly impacts how motors behave under real operating conditions, especially in systems where load demand is constantly changing.

In practical terms, a VFD allows you to run motors only as fast as required instead of at full speed all the time, which is how most conventional systems operate. This shift has a direct impact on energy consumption, equipment life, and maintenance frequency. For organizations focused on operational efficiency and decarbonization, especially in HVAC systems, pumping stations, and process lines, understanding VFD fundamentals is the first step toward measurable savings.

smart-motor-control-with-vfds
smart-motor-control-with-vfds

What Is a VFD (Variable Frequency Drive)?

A Variable Frequency Drive, often referred to as VFD, is an electronic device that controls the speed and torque of an AC motor by varying the frequency and voltage supplied to it.

In a typical setup without a VFD, motors run at constant speed based on the power supply frequency. This means even when demand is low, the motor continues to operate at full capacity. A VFD eliminates this inefficiency by adjusting motor speed according to actual load requirements.

For industries such as manufacturing, healthcare facilities, hotels, and commercial buildings, this capability translates directly into lower energy consumption and improved system control. At Adhunik Automation, this is one of the most common starting points when conducting energy audits for clients across Delhi NCR.

How a VFD Works

To understand the working principle of a VFD, it helps to break it down into three core stages. These stages convert fixed electrical input into a controlled output that drives the motor efficiently.

Rectifier Stage

The incoming AC power supply is converted into DC. This is the first step and is handled by diodes or controlled rectifiers.

DC Bus Stage

The converted DC power is filtered and stored temporarily using capacitors. This ensures a stable and smooth DC supply.

Inverter Stage

The inverter converts DC back into AC, but at a variable frequency and voltage. This is done using switching devices like IGBTs controlled through pulse width modulation.

The output frequency determines the motor speed. Lower frequency results in lower speed, which reduces energy consumption significantly in variable load applications.

vfd-panel-components-rectifier-dc-bus-inverter-
vfd-panel-components-rectifier-dc-bus-inverter-

Why VFDs Are Used in Industry

The main reason industries adopt VFDs is to solve inefficiencies caused by fixed-speed motor operation.

In real-world operations, demand is rarely constant. Pumps, fans, and compressors often operate at partial load. Without a VFD, excess energy is wasted through mechanical control methods like throttling valves or dampers.

By using a VFD, speed control is achieved electrically rather than mechanically. This leads to better efficiency, smoother operation, and reduced stress on equipment.

Adhunik Automation frequently implements VFD retrofits in existing systems where energy losses are high due to outdated control methods.

Applications of VFD

Pumps and Water Systems

VFDs are widely used in water distribution, HVAC chilled water systems, and industrial processes.

They help regulate flow based on demand, reduce pressure fluctuations, and prevent issues like water hammer.

For a deeper understanding, you can explore how Adhunik handles water distribution optimization using VFDs.

HVAC Systems

In HVAC systems, VFDs control fans, cooling towers, and pumps.

Instead of running at full capacity, systems adjust airflow and cooling output based on occupancy and environmental conditions.

This is especially important in commercial buildings and hospitals where energy consumption is a major operational cost. Adhunik Automation has implemented multiple smart HVAC automation solutions using VFDs and control systems.

Compressors

VFDs improve compressor efficiency by matching motor speed with air demand.

This reduces load cycling, improves pressure stability, and lowers energy consumption.

Conveyors and Material Handling

In manufacturing environments, VFDs ensure smooth acceleration and deceleration.

This reduces mechanical stress, minimizes product damage, and improves overall process control.

Industrial Machinery

Machines such as mixers, crushers, and mills benefit from precise speed control, which improves output consistency and reduces wear.

Benefits of VFD

Energy Efficiency

Energy savings are the most significant benefit of using a VFD.

In variable torque applications like pumps and fans, power consumption decreases rapidly with speed reduction. Even a small drop in speed can lead to substantial energy savings.

Improved Process Control

VFDs allow precise control over motor speed, which improves process stability and product quality.

This is particularly useful in industries where consistent output is critical.

Soft Start and Reduced Electrical Stress

Traditional motor starting causes high inrush current. VFDs provide a gradual start, reducing electrical stress and preventing voltage drops.

Lower Maintenance Requirements

Because VFDs reduce mechanical stress on equipment, components such as bearings, belts, and couplings last longer.

This reduces downtime and maintenance costs over time.

Extended Equipment Life

Smooth operation and optimized speed reduce wear and tear, increasing the lifespan of motors and connected systems.

Integration with Automation Systems

Modern VFDs can integrate with PLCs, SCADA systems, and IoT platforms.

This enables real-time monitoring, predictive maintenance, and better decision-making. Adhunik Automation provides integrated solutions combining VFDs with control panels and IoT-based monitoring systems for industrial clients.

Types of VFD Control Methods

V/Hz Control

This is the most basic and cost-effective method, suitable for general applications like pumps and fans.

Vector Control

Provides higher accuracy and better torque control, used in applications requiring precision.

Closed Loop Control

Uses feedback devices for highly accurate speed and torque control in critical processes.

Key Considerations Before Installing a VFD

Before selecting or installing a VFD, it is important to evaluate:

  • Motor specifications and compatibility
  • Load characteristics, whether variable or constant
  • Environmental conditions such as temperature and dust
  • Cooling and ventilation requirements
  • Harmonics and power quality

Improper selection or installation can lead to inefficiencies and equipment failure.

Maintenance and Reliability Tips

To ensure long-term performance of a VFD system:

  • Keep panels clean and well-ventilated
  • Check electrical connections regularly
  • Monitor temperature and load conditions
  • Inspect cooling fans and heat sinks

For facilities that do not have in-house expertise, opting for professional AMC services helps maintain system reliability. Adhunik Automation offers VFD repair and maintenance services in Delhi NCR to support uninterrupted operations.

FAQ

How does a VFD work in simple terms?

A VFD controls motor speed by converting fixed AC power into DC and then back into AC with a variable frequency. This change in frequency directly controls how fast the motor runs. Instead of running at full speed all the time, the motor adjusts based on actual demand, which improves efficiency and reduces energy consumption.

Why is a VFD used in industrial applications?

VFDs are used to improve operational efficiency and reduce energy costs. In industries, loads are rarely constant, so running motors at full speed leads to unnecessary energy usage. A VFD allows motors to match real-time demand, improves process control, and reduces mechanical stress on equipment.

What are the main benefits of using a VFD?

The key benefits include:

  • Significant energy savings, especially in pumps and fans
  • Smooth motor starting, which reduces electrical and mechanical stress
  • Better process control and consistent output
  • Lower maintenance costs due to reduced wear and tear
  • Longer lifespan of motors and connected equipment

These benefits are why many facilities work with experts like Adhunik Automation to implement VFD-based optimization.

Where are VFDs commonly used?

VFDs are widely used across multiple industries and systems, including:

  • HVAC systems in commercial buildings and hospitals
  • Water pumps and distribution systems
  • Air compressors
  • Conveyors and material handling systems
  • Industrial machines like mixers and crushers

Any application where motor speed needs to vary based on demand is a good candidate for a VFD.

Does installing a VFD always guarantee energy savings?

Not always. Energy savings depend on the type of load and application. VFDs provide the highest savings in variable torque applications such as pumps and fans. In constant torque applications, the benefit is more about control and reduced mechanical stress rather than large energy savings.

A proper system assessment or energy audit, like those conducted by Adhunik Automation, helps identify where VFD implementation will deliver the best ROI.

What is the difference between a VFD and a soft starter?

A soft starter only controls the starting and stopping of a motor to reduce inrush current. Once the motor reaches full speed, it operates normally.

A VFD, on the other hand, continuously controls motor speed during operation. This makes it more suitable for applications where speed needs to change based on demand.

Can a VFD damage a motor if not selected properly?

Yes, incorrect selection or poor installation can cause issues such as overheating, insulation stress, or harmonic distortion. It is important to consider motor compatibility, load type, cooling requirements, and power quality before installation.

Working with experienced providers like Adhunik Automation helps avoid these issues through proper sizing and system integration.

What maintenance does a VFD require?

VFDs require basic but regular maintenance to ensure reliability:

  • Cleaning dust from panels and cooling fans
  • Checking electrical connections
  • Monitoring temperature and load conditions
  • Inspecting capacitors and cooling systems

Facilities that do not have dedicated maintenance teams often opt for AMC services to ensure long-term performance.

How do VFDs support energy efficiency and decarbonization goals?

By reducing unnecessary energy consumption, VFDs directly lower electricity usage, which reduces carbon emissions. For industries aiming to meet sustainability targets, VFDs are one of the most practical and cost-effective upgrades.

They also integrate with modern automation and monitoring systems, enabling better energy tracking and optimization strategies.

Final Thoughts

A Variable Frequency Drive is one of the most practical upgrades for any facility looking to reduce energy consumption and improve operational control. Its impact is most visible in systems that operate under variable load conditions, which covers a large portion of industrial and commercial applications.

Adhunik Automation, as a Danfoss authorized VFD dealer, works closely with facility teams to identify where VFD implementation or optimization can deliver measurable results. From supply and installation to retrofit projects, energy audits, and AMC support, their approach is focused on real performance improvements rather than theoretical benefits.

If you are evaluating opportunities to reduce energy costs or improve system efficiency, a detailed assessment is the right starting point. You can explore solutions like Danfoss VFD systems or consult with the Adhunik Automation team for a practical evaluation of your current setup.